Topic 3: MORPHOLOGY

I take a long term to understand and memorize of the part for each morpheme. So I write the reflection on topic 3 early from topic 2. I had facing a lot of problems by finishing this topic and this reflection. I've no idea on what I write about. But I try my best to reflect on what my understanding in this topic. I had 'Google' to find the meaning of the term of morphology.

In linguistics, morphology is the identification, analysis and description of the structure of morphemes and other units of meaning in a language likewords, affixes, and parts of speech and intonation/stress, implied context (words in a lexicon are the subject matter of lexicology). Morphological typologyrepresents a way of classifying languages according to the ways by which morphemes are used in a language —from the analytic that use only isolated morphemes, through the agglutinative ("stuck-together") and fusional languages that use bound morphemes (affixes), up to the polysynthetic, which compress lots of separate morphemes into single words.

There are 5 types of morpheme:

1. free morphemes

2. Bound morphemes

3. Inflectional morphemes

4. Derivational morphemes

5. Allomorphs

Each of morpheme have their rules to become a word. For example:

free morpheme means a word that can stand by itself and has a grammatical function. "Sleep" is a free morpheme which can occur on its own and has a grammatical function as an adjective.

Bound morphemes is opposite with free morpheme which it can not stand by itself but it has a grammatical function. example "unhappy". it is combination of bound morpheme 'un' and free morpheme 'happy'.

Inflectional morpheme is an affix used to change form and function only from the grammatical point with no change in part of speech of the word. Exmample : Walk-->Walk[s]

->Walk[ed]

->Walk[ing]

all morphemes in brackets [] are bound morpheme which have separated grammatical function but which do not change the meaning of the original morpheme(the root). Likewise, the part of speech remains the same(the verb remains a verb).

Derivational morpheme is an opposite of inflectional morpheme. Its can be used to make further new words, in the process of adding one morpheme to another where the part of speech too many change in the process of the change in meaning. Example:

adj-->adv:bad-->badly

adj-->noun:short-->shortness

verb-->adj:read-->readable

verb-->noun:sing-->singer

noun-->verb:moral-->moralize

noun-->adj:boy-->boyish

for the last one which is allomorphs is a term refers to a variant of a morpheme. For example the [s] morpheme in english which indicates plurality or third person singular present tense has 3 allomorphs: cats../kaets/, dogs.../dogz/ and horses.../ho:sѳz/. Another example is the past tense morpheme [ed] with 3 allomorph: talked /t/...jugged/d/ and ended/Id/

After learn all about each morpheme, we also had learned about word structure. In word structure i know that morphemes build up into words which then form the phrase. The mastering of these word structure can makes our basic on teaching english will strong and helps us to teach in class. there a lots of way to form a good structure and as a teacher must know about it.